One of the first automated fog bells was the Stevens Automatic Bell

One of the first automated fog bells was the Stevens Automatic Bell Striker.[7]

Some later fog bells were placed under water,particularly in especially dangerous areas, so that their sound (which would be a predictable set, such as the number "23") would be carried further and reverberate through the ship's hull. See, White Shoal Light (Michigan).[8][9] This was an earlier precursor to RACON.

In the United Kingdom, experiments to develop more effective foghorns were carried out by John Tyndall and Lord Rayleigh, amongst others. The latter's ongoing research for Trinity House culminated in a design for a siren with a large trumpet designed to achieve maximum sound propagation, installed in Trevose Head Lighthouse, Cornwall in 1913.

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