Proteolysis

Proteolysis is used by the cell for several purposes. They include:

* Removal of N-terminal methionine residues after translation.
* Removal of the signal sequence of peptides after their transport through a membrane
* Separation of viral proteins that were translated from a polycistronic mRNA
* Digestion of proteins from foods as a source of amino acids
* Conversion of predecessor-proteins (proenzymes, zymogens, prehormones) into their final structures.
* Degradation of cyclins at different stages of the cell cycle.

Proteolysis is also used in research and diagnostic applications:

* In-gel digestion of proteins after separation by gel electrophoresis for the identification by mass spectrometry.
* Digestion of proteins in solution for proteome analysis by LC-MS.



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